Founded in 1817, the Portsmouth Athenaeum is a membership library dedicated to preservation of local history through the maintenance of a library, a museum, educational programs, and guest speakers. In 1824, the Athenaeum moved to its current location. In the 19th century, public libraries were scarce but dozens of cities were home to similar private libraries that supported their operations through donations and membership fees. Many of these institutions were known as "Athenaeums," a name that indicated that the organization offered more than a library, with programs and other activities that would promote education and culture. The Portsmouth Athenaeum’s library contains over 40,000 volumes, an archive of manuscripts and photographs. Today, most of the events held at the Portsmouth Athenaeum are free and open to the public.
Early in his 1883 history of Portsmouth, NH, author Thomas
Bailey Aldrich describes the city of Portsmouth and its surroundings as he
viewed them from the roof of the Athenaeum.
1 Aldrich describes nearby islands,
villages, along with Portsmouth’s churches and hotels. Aldrich leaves an image
of the Athenaeum being central to the culture of both Portsmouth and the Piscataqua
River region. In 1750 a group of Portsmouth citizens brought together a small
collection of books, established a lottery to provide funding for a library.
The effort was unsuccessful.
2 In 1817 a
corporation was formed, under the name Portsmouth Athenaeum, whose purpose was
to establish a library.
In 1824, the Athenaeum
reorganized and purchased the building it currently occupies. Originally
constructed in 1805 for the New Hampshire Fire and Marine Insurance Company,
the four story federal building is a Portsmouth landmark. Designed and built by
Portsmouth architect Bradbury Johnson. Placed on the National Register of
Historic Places in May of 1973, the building features an arched doorway and
ornate cornices. A reading room was established on the first with the library
and museum on the upper floors.3 The Corporation issued 100 shares of stock to
members, and issued new by-laws. By-laws provided that Directors could allow
non-members access to the library.4
Library
collections include works by John Langdon, William Whipple, and Tobias Ham
Miller. Diaries and letters written by many local residents are housed in the
archives. Records relating to the Portsmouth Female Asylum and many of
Portsmouth’s churches are among the archives collections. Many local
organizations including the Portsmouth Yacht Club, the New Castle Bridge
Association, and the Mechanic Fire Society house their records in the
Athenaeum. The Archives are also home to the papers of the Portsmouth Historical
Society and many of the areas many historic homes.5 Because of Portsmouth's connection to trade and shipbuilding there are many documents connected to those industries.6
In 1968,
renovations were conducted on the building’s exterior. Originally carved by
local artisan, William Dearing, the ornate carved wood trimmings included four columnn
capitals and four oval paterae. Alvin F. Staples, a local carver with
experience with restoration of wooden objects remade the pieces. Dearing was
one of the region’s most prominent carvers.7
The
Athenaeum displays exhibits connected to Portsmouth’s history. Past exhibits
include an art exhibit titled “Russell Cheney A New England Master Northern New
England Paintings 1910-45”, “War and Peace: Images from the Russo-Japanese War
1904 – 1905” and "To Restore Our Glorious Union" Portsmouth & The
Civil War.8 A calendar of events is located on the Athenaeum’s website.1. Aldrich, Thomas Bailey, “An Old Town by the Sea”, (Boston and New York, The Houghton Mifflin Company, Riverside Press, Cambridge, 1883), GooglePlay, accessed April 11, 2015, pp. 25-28
2. “Portsmouth Athenaeum- Repository of Books”, The Portsmouth Herald (Portsmouth, New Hampshire), Mon, Jun 14, 1948, p. 9, Newspapers.com, downloaded Apr 11, 2015, http://www.newspapers.com/image/56486538
3. “History” Portsmouth Athenaeum, 2006, accessed April 11, 2015, http://www.portsmouthathenaeum.org/history.html
4. “Catalog of the Books in the Portsmouth Athenaeum”, (Portsmouth, Charles W. Brewster, Printer, 1849), accessed April 11, 2015, GooglePlay, http://www.portsmouthathenaeum.org/collections.html
pp. 1-5
5. “About the Athenaeum Archives”, Portsmouth Athenaeum, 2006, April 11, 2015, http://www.portsmouthathenaeum.org/collections.html
6. “History” Portsmouth Athenaeum, 2006, accessed April 11, 2015,
7. “On Portsmouth Athenaeum 160 Year Old Patera Restored”, The Portsmouth Herald (Portsmouth, New Hampshire), September 7, 1968, p. 3, Newspapers.com, downloaded April 11, 2015, http://www.newspapers.com/image/56499164
8. “Exhibits at the Portsmouth Athenaeum”, Portsmouth Athenaeum, 2006, April 11, 2015, http://www.portsmouthathenaeum.org/exhibits.html
