After opening in 1926, the Orpheum became the number one place to see Hollywood's biggest names, at a time when live variety shows reigned supreme. Stars like Lena Horne, Ella Fitzgerald, Sammy Davis Jr. and Judy Garland all performed there.The Orpheum was fully designed by Los Angeles architect G. Albert Lansburgh, who also did The Wiltern, El Capitan Theater and The Shrine's interior. Following the 1900s French style of Beaux-Arts architecture, The Orpheum's design included grand marble staircases, shiny brass doors, opulent chandeliers, plush silk wall panels and an incredible attention to detail on the façade and sculpted ceiling.<a target="_blank" rel="nofollow"></a>Even as the century wore on and television became popular, people still came to the Orpheum. Musicians Aretha Franklin, Little Richard and Stevie Wonder performed there during their prime in the '60s. At the turn of the 21st Century, the Orpheum changed management, closed as a movie theatre and undertook $3 million worth of renovations. It opened a decade later as a performing arts center. Since then the Orpheum has hosted performances from Lady Gaga, Wilco, Ray Davies, Bob Hope, Maroon 5, Van Morrison, The Beach Boys and many more.

The Orpheum Theatre opened on February 15, 1926, as the fourth Los Angeles venue for the Orpheum vaudeville circuit. The Orpheum's Beaux Arts facade was designed by movie theatre architect G. Albert Lansburgh and has a Wurlitzer organ, that is one of three pipe organs remaining in Southern California venues. The Orpheum theatres are named after the Greek mythological figure, Orpheus. Soon after it was opened, it was a popular venue for burlesque queen Sally Rand, the Marx Brothers, Will Rogers, Judy Garland (singing with her family as Frances "Baby" Gumm) and comedian Jack Benny, as well as jazz greats Lena Horne, Ella Fitzgerald and Duke Ellington. Today, after a $4 million restoration in 2003, the Orpheum Theatre is a venue for live concerts, movie premieres and location shoots. 

Orpheum Theatre

This tour stops by a few historic structures demonstrating late-nineteenth and early twentieth-century architectural styles. The art deco and Beaux-Arts styles were popular around the same time Los Angeles was coming into prominence, and as the motion picture industry took off in the city.

Art Deco & Beaux-Arts Architecture in Downtown LA

Thomas Higgins was born on 12th July in 1844 in a town called Boyle in County Roscommon, Ireland. He was the son of Patrick Higgins, a farmer, and Hanora Flanagan. Despite his rural roots, he was able to receive some education during his early years in Ireland.&nbsp;As he grew up, Higgins became disillusioned by his agricultural life in rural Ireland and decided to set sail for America in search of his fortune. He made his way to Troy, Michigan, where he had a family member, Mary Keefe, and was able to find work in the iron mines. After that he found himself in Mosinee, Wisconsin, working as a lumberjack, before moving to Chicago as a ship builder.&nbsp;When news reached him of the Klondyke Gold Rush, he decided that by the time he got there, there would probably be no gold left for him. Instead, he headed south to St. Louis, Louisiana and became the foreman of a group of Irish contractors. After a while he moved again, this time heading west to the Rocky Mountains. He prospected for gold and diamonds in Oregon and Washington without much success.&nbsp;He heard that there were fortunes to be won in Peru and Arizona and tossed a coin to decide which direction to go. He made it to Bisbee in 1877 where he found a rich vein of copper which he worked until 1900 when he moved to L.A, where he started a property business. He constructed the Higgins Building in 1910, which was home to many companies. The basement contained a privately owned power plant, six floors were occupied by General Petroleum, and the L.A. Engineer Department called it their home for 25 years.&nbsp; The building fell into disrepair and was purchased by entrepreneurs Andrew Meieran and Marc Smith. Developer Barry Shy converted the upstairs offices into rental lofts in 2003 (later converted to condominiums in 2005); and Meieran and Smith opened The Edison&nbsp;in 2007, a post-industrial steampunk nightclub in the building's basement.

Constructed in 1910, the Higgins Building is an early Modernist concrete-framed building designed in the Beaux-Arts style. It was commissioned by Thomas Higgins, an Irish American, as a 10-story building that could be used as office space. He hired architects Albert C. Martin, Sr. and A.L. Haley to handle construction. Although designed as an 8 story high building, it was decided during the construction stage to add two additional floors in order to hold the reputation as being the highest building in the city center. 

Higgins Building

The nation's first known incline railway was constructed in 1762 in Niagara, near the U.S. - Canada border, designed to haul goods up and down the Niagara escarpment. However, the vast majority of incline railways arose during the late nineteenth century into the first decade of the twentieth century, aided by technological advances credited to Andrew Smith Halladie. He adapted a mining technique of hauling coal cars by large cables by employing a steam engine to power passenger vehicles.In cities with mountainous and riverside topographies, such as Pittsburgh, Cincinnati, and Los Angeles, incline trains became necessary as populations expanded beyond flat plains into hilly and mountainous areas, notably the wealthy as they chose to build homes removed from population centers. In L.A., Colonel J. W. Eddy, a Civil War hero, a friend of Abraham Lincoln, a former Illinois state senator, and engineer moved west to California and founded Olive Heights, later known as Bunker Hill. He imagined it as an island of privilege isolated from the shops and commerce below. Eventually, Victorian mansions and luxury hotels dotted the hilltop landscape. However, they sat removed from the burgeoning business district below because of the topography. The area was not accessible from its eastern edge and could only be reached by steeply graded streets and steps; Olive Heights residents took lengthy trips via horse and buggy to the commercial center. So, Colonel J. W. Eddy saw the need to connect the area directly to the commercial center via an incline train. When the train opened for business in 1901, the long, arduous commutes turned into a mere few minutes of travel. The historic railway existed among many that operated in Southern California and cities with hilly or riverside terrains. Most incline trains consisted of two tracks with two counterbalanced rail cars moving up and down parallel tracks, much like a dumbwaiter; the load of each car is balanced by the load of the second car. However, Angels Flight differed as it utilized a three-rail system with a turn-out area in the middle of the incline, which allowed the new cars to pass each other. The "Olivet" car ran along the north rail and the "Sinai" car ran along the south rail; the cars only enjoyed four inches of space between them as they passed by each other.  Angel Flight traffic peaked in the 1920s with as many as 12,000 daily passengers. However, By World War II, however, with the rise of the automobile, ridership plummeted to an average of 3,000 passengers daily. Throughout the nation during the twentieth century, streetcars and incline trains waned in popularity. In addition to the arrival of the automobile age, cities decentralized and developed mass-transit railways like the New York Subway and Chicago's "El" Train. Angels Flight claimed to have transported more than 100 million passengers in its first fifty years, but Angels Flight finally discontinued its service in 1969, and it was subsequently dismantled.After sitting in storage for twenty-seven years, a re-birth of Angels Flight transpired in the 1990s when it was rebuilt one-half block south of the original location; the first modern ride transpired in 1996. However, a serious accident occurred on the new tracks in 2001, resulting in one death and seven injuries. After years of investigations and newly developed safety measures were put into place, Angels Flight re-opened again in 2010, with nearly 60,000 passengers using the train within the first month of its opening. But, another one-month closure took place in the summer of 2011 when the California Public Utilities Commission determined that the train's fifteen-year-old wheels needed replacing. Two years later, in 2013, yet another accident occurred when one car derailed. Although no one suffered any injuries, firefighters had to rescue the passengers. The National Transportation Safety Board investigated that the accident resulted from an intentional bypass of the safety system with Angels Flight management knowledge, but they also discovered a design flaw in the wheels, both of which again resulted in a lengthy closure. The train opened again in 2017 and remains open as of 2022.

Angels Flight, located on Bunker Hill in downtown Los Angeles, enjoys significance for its role as an incline railway and its place within the city's broader transportation, culture, and environmental histories. Because of Bunker Hill's steep eastern slope in the downtown area, a railroad was built to transport people (mainly wealthy) to and from the commercial center. Dubbed "the shortest railway in the world," Angles Flight opened in 1901 as a narrow gauge funicular railway that stretched 298 feet (climbing 96 feet) and supported two rail cars that ran in opposite directions on a shared cable. The entrance archway and the station house are unique structures designed in the Beaux-Arts style. The railway closed in 1969 and then re-opened in 1996, one-half block south of the original location, stretching 300 feet on a thirty-three percent grade. Since 2001, accidents (including injuries and one death) and resultant closures have plagued the historic train, yet it remains popular.

Angels Flight

The Title Guarantee &amp; Trust Building is a large Art Deco structure that towers over the streets below. It is incredibly detailed and was designed by architects John and Donald Parkinson who took inspiration from the much-publicized 1926 Chicago Tribune Tower. In addition to Gothic touches such as shields and gargoyle-like drain spouts, the building is also topped with a Gothic tower complete with stylized flying buttresses.The building is steel framed and is clad with glazed terra cotta, rising out of its granite base.&nbsp;The recessed windows are surrounded by piers, which accentuate the verticality of the structure and extend above the roofline to create a parapet effect. Everything above the twelfth floor is unoccupied space and was designed purposefully so that the building could be extended above the 150-foot height limit in effect at the time of its construction.In 2012 the building was converted into loft-style apartments and is known as the Title Guarantee Building Lofts.

Built in 1930, the Title Guarantee and Trust Company Building is an Art Deco style high rise building situated on Pershing Square. Designed by The Parkinsons, who were prolific architects and were responsible for many L.A. points of interest, including City Hall and Bullocks Wilshire, it was built on the site of the California Club building. Its original use was as an office building but it was later converted into loft apartments. In 1984, the building was listed on the National Register of Historic Places. 

Title Guarantee & Trust Building

The building was redeveloped in the 1980s and became known as One Bunker Hill. Recently it has been rebranded again and gone back to its roots. &nbsp;The current name,&nbsp;CalEdison, is a tribute to the building’s history as the former headquarters of the Southern California Edison Company which was completed in 1931. It was among the first buildings in the Western US to include all-electric heating and cooling.&nbsp; &nbsp; In 2015 it was purchased in a joint venture by partners Lionstone Investments, a privately owned, US-based real estate investment company, and Hermes Investment management, the £28.6 billion manager focused on delivering superior, sustainable, risk-adjusted returns to its clients. Rising Realty Partners, a full-service real estate platform based in Downtown Los Angeles, oversaw the redevelopment, while Industry Partners, with its focus on high-quality creative office product, is the leasing brokerage. &nbsp; Improvements in the common areas, designed by Rios Clemente Hale Studios, include adding new tables and seating areas and a full-service barista bar serving gourmet coffee drinks. Other building enhancements include new upper floor lobbies, restrooms, lighting, and wayfinding crafted by Omngivning architects; renovations to the valet waiting area; and new management offices. Additionally, The CalEdison’s architectural details and characteristics—such as decorative marble cladding, coffered ceilings, sculptured metal details, and an original mural by Hugo Ballin—have been preserved. &nbsp;

The building was originally known as the Southern California Edison Company Building and was owned and occupied by a utility company. It was one of the first all-electrically heated and cooled buildings constructed in the western United States. Standing fourteen-stories high, the steel-framed building follows a classically inspired Art Deco design. The lower three stories are of solid limestone, while the upper stories and central tower are faced with buff-colored terra cotta. On the façade, the spandrels contain a cubic Art Deco pattern, repeated in the central tower, lobby floor and elevator ceilings. The exterior greenhouse-like structures were added in the 1980s and the street-level shopping corridor in 1993.

CalEdison Building 

<div>The entire area of the PacMutual Building takes up around 460,000 square feet. The three interconnected buildings each have their own name: Clock Building (1908), Sentry Building (1921), and Carriage House (1926). Today, PacMutual is a recognized local landmark and was designated as a City of Los Angeles Historic-Cultural Monument in 1982.The Pacific Mutual Life Insurance Company was established in 1868&nbsp;by former California Governor Leland Stanford in Sacremento. The company consolidated with Conservative Life, a fledgeling L.A. insurance company on March 12, 1906, at a time when they were based in San Francisco. With a strange&nbsp;prescience, additional fire insurance was placed on the Pacific Mutual home office, additional vaults were constructed, and older vaults were reinforced. These actions were completed by early April, just weeks before the Great Earthquake.Their website says:</div><div>“On April 18, a 48-second earthquake rocked San Francisco leveling hundreds of city blocks. Although our seven-story home office building survived the initial earthquake, our home office was sacrificed as a firebreak to prevent further damage to the city. At the time of the earthquake, a Pacific Mutual employee named Richard Mier, Chief Clerk and Office Manager, realized that valuable bonds were in a safe that was not fireproof.“Quick thinking Mier courageously removed the bonds, along with several stock ledgers and ran down five flights of shaking stairs. He wrapped the bonds to protect them and climbed to the top of Sacramento Street where he then buried the important documents in the basement of his home where they would be safe until needed – a couple days later.“On May 18th, the Board of Directors met for the first time since the catastrophe. There amongst the rubble, they formally voted to establish a new home office in Los Angeles. The staff was sent ahead, and a new chapter in our history would begin.”Fear of fire and loss resulted in a building that “is absolutely fire and earthquake proof, as it is to be finished of steel, hard burned hollow tile, concrete and white glazed terra cotta.”In 2012 the PacMutual building was sold to&nbsp;Rising Realty Partners renovated it from a lower-rent office space for conventional white-collar firms into a preferred address for businesses in creative fields such as technology and entertainment. They acquired the property for $60 million in 2012.&nbsp;They sold the building to&nbsp;Ivanhoe Cambridge, a Canadian real estate investment company,&nbsp;for $200 million in 2015, who continue to manage the tech-friendly office space.&nbsp;</div>

The PacMutual, despite its name, is actually made up of three interconnected structures that were built consecutively over two decades. The first to be constructed was in 1908. It was a six-story Beaux Arts building clad in white terra cotta with four-story Corinthian columnns. In 1921, a twelve-story Beaux Arts building was added. It was much larger than the 1908 building and featured a grand lobby with a barrel-vaulted ceiling and sweeping staircases in Italian Tavernelle marble. The third structure was finished in 1926 and is a two-story parking garage with offices and meeting rooms on the top floor. Today, the PacMutual Building houses a range of tenants such as attorneys and architects as well as the fashion firm Nasty Gal and Los Angeles Conservancy.

PacMutual Building

The&nbsp;Los Angeles Jewelry Center sits at the heart of what is now the Jewelry District of Downtown L.A. According to the L.A. Convention Center, it is the largest district dedicated to jewellery in the United States, with annual reported sales from the area at around $3 billion. It is made up of nearly 5,000 businesses, with vendors on Hill Street, Olive Street, and Broadway. Shoppers can find kinds of related products such as designer jewellery, precious stones, gold, and silver.&nbsp;The Jewelry District is predominantly made up of early twentieth-century buildings. The median year in which the buildings in the area were built is 1923. The oldest building to remain in the district is located on 543 South Broadway Avenue - a three story, 32,600 square foot commercial space that is now occupied by Teresa’s Bridals.&nbsp;Two of the earliest jewellers to establish stores in 1932 were the Laykin Diamond Company (Laykin et Cie) and Harry Winston &amp; Co.&nbsp;Almost all of the buildings within the Jewelry District were designed for general office use with retail spaces on the street level. The Downtown areas rapidly developed in the first half of the 20th century, but it did not feature skyscrapers like in Chicago and New York because State Law limited them to 150ft. The influx of jewelry stores in the area did not come about until after the 1960s when gold came to be seen as a safer investment than U.S. dollars.

On February 2, 1930 it was announced that the soon-to-be constructed Sun Realty Building would continue the trend of local architecture by designing an exterior of colored terra cotta. In this case, the fluted terra cotta provided a beautiful blue-green finish, rising continuously for fourteen stories to the roofline before tapering to a crown of bronze at the top. It was designed by architect Claud Beelman, who is responsible for designing many buildings throughout the city including the Garfield Building, the Ninth and Broadway Building, and the Eastern Columbia Building. At the time of its construction, the lobby was outfitted with a marble floor and decorative plaster ceiling. The building was redesigned in the 1970s, but a few original fittings remain such as the original Art Deco elevator doors. The building is now known as the Los Angeles Jewelry Center.

Los Angeles Jewelry Center

Major General Walter Perry Story was an incredibly interesting man who led a varied life. Although he was not actually a native of California, he nevertheless devoted the greater part of his life to the state. The Story family's history dates back to 1640 in Massachusetts. Walter Perry Story was born in Bozeman, Montana, on December 18, 1882, the son of Nelson and Ellen Story. His father was a native of Ohio, born in 1838. They were pioneer settlers of Montana, migrating there in the 1860s, where his father, Nelson Story, was involved in mining, banking, milling, as well as the cattle business. His father was credited with one of the largest individual fortunes in that state. The family moved to Los Angeles in 1894 to establish a winter home, and Nelson invested heavily in real estate, forming the basis of the family's interests in Southern California. Nelson Story died on February 9, 1924.&nbsp;Walter was the youngest of the family with two older brothers and a sister.&nbsp;Walter received his early education in the public schools of Bozeman, later attending both public and private schools in Los Angeles. At sixteen years old he entered Shattuck Military Academy at Faribault, Minnesota. He was there until 1902, and graduated from the Eastman Business College at Poughkeepsie, New York in 1903. He returned to Bozeman where got involved with the Commercial National Bank as a bookkeeper and teller for two years, before returning to Los Angeles in 1905. In 1907 he got involved in the real estate business himself with Arthur E. Tandy under the name of Tandy &amp; Story.&nbsp; The piece of land that Story built the Walter S. Story Building on was purchased by his father in 1895 for $50,000. When Walter was fourteen years old his father presented him with the lot. Walter began the erection of the million dollar building in April 1908 and the building was completed on April 1, 1910. Standing twelve stories high, and with a frontage of 120 feet on Broadway and 150 feet on Sixth Street, it was one of the most modern for its day.&nbsp;After the success and profitability of this venture, Story soon developed a reputation as one of the young financiers of Los Angeles. One other such construction was the multi-million dollar building of the Los Angeles Stock Exchange Building on South Spring Street, completed in 1921. His military career became equally as impressive as his business career. He began by enlisting in the army as a private. He created what was then Battery A of the California Field Artillery and raised funds to build an armory and stables in Los Angeles.&nbsp;After being discharged from World War I service, in December 1920, Walter was commissioned as Captain of the California National Guard and began devoting his energies toward reorganizing the National Guard in Southern California. In 1921 he was promoted to Major and organized his own military company.&nbsp; In 1933 he graduated from the U.S. Army War College and was later promoted to the rank of Major General in July 1937. After he completed the General Officers Course in 1940 he assumed command of the 9th Army Corps, Fort Lewis, and entered Federal Service in March 1941, where he assumed command of the 40th Infantry Division, which now composed of the National Guard elements from California, Arizona and Utah.&nbsp;Having served through the ranks from private to Major General, he understood his men well and his division was known for its high morale. He was relieved from command due to protracted illness in September 1941, and retired from active list in July 1942. Among his citations and decorations include Victory Medal (World War I), Service Medal (25 Years), Medal of Merit, American Defense Service Ribbon, and the Order Crown of Italy. Until his death in 1957, he maintained his office in the Walter P. Story Building and resided at 3405 Laurel Canyon Blvd., North Hollywood.&nbsp;Today, housed in the California State Military Museum is the Walter P. Story Memorial Library and Research Center. This library possesses one of the finest collections of military history writings in the western United States. With over 10,000 volumes and growing rapidly, the library is one of the state's hidden educational and historical treasures.&nbsp;

Constructed in 1909, the Walter P. Story Building was designed in the Beaux Arts style by Major General of the California National Guard Walter Perry Story on a lot purchased by his father in 1895. His father was a successful cattle rancher from Montana and was the first person to drive cattle along the Bozeman Trail from Texas to Montana. The first three stories and the basement of the building were initially designed for retail, and the upscale clothier Mullen and Bluett occupied the space from 1910 through the 1960s. Walter P. Story and his wife lived in the penthouse. Today, the building is home to offices and businesses.

Walter P. Story Building

John Parkinson was one of the most preeminent architects in the early 20th century. Not only did he orchestrate the design of Blackstone's, he also played a part in designing iconic buildings throughout the city such as City Hall, Bullocks Wilshire, and Union Station. For his work on Blackstone's he decided to clad the building in grey terra cotta and featured incredibly detailed and elaborate brackets across the facade.&nbsp;The building was ultimately sold to the Famous Department Store Company in 1939. The new owners hired noted architects Morgan, Walls, and Clements to oversee the extensive renovations. These alterations included a new ground-floor façade, designed by Stiles O. Clements, in a sleek Streamline Moderne style. Although not original to the building, this façade has gained significance over time as an example of later Moderne detailing.&nbsp;In 2010, the Blackstone Building was converted into 82 apartments with ground-floor retail space and an underground parking garage.

The Blackstone Building, which is now known as Blackstone Apartments, was constructed in 1916 and has been listed as a Los Angeles Historic-Cultural Monument since 2003. The Blackstone Department Store Building is one of architect John B. Parkinson's early works, designed in the Beaux Arts style and clad with grey terra cotta. The original Blackstone's, known as Blackstone's Dry Goods, opened in 1895 just down the street from this location. 
Owner Nathaniel Blackstone hired Parkinson to design this flagship store in 1917. It was sold to the Famous Department Store Company, and renovated by Morgan, Walls & Clements in 1939. In 2010, the Blackstone Building was converted into 82 apartments with ground-floor retail space and an underground parking garage.

Blackstone Department Store

The Eastern Columbia Building is surrounded by rich historical architecture and has four historic-cultural landmarks immediately adjacent: The Orpheum Theater, The May Company Garage, Blackstone's Department Store, and the Federal Savings Building. There has been an ongoing political dispute since 2015 over a plan proposed on the adjacent plot - a 26 storey Alexan Broadway project at 9th and Hill Streets, that has faced some opposition because of concerns that it would block views of the Eastern Columbia and its landmark clock.The building has been described by the L.A. Downtown News as "one of the great grand dames of Art Deco Streamline Moderne in Los Angeles." Other praise comes from figures such as historian Robert Winter who called the building "a shining example of Southern California's golden age of architecture." Christopher Hawthorne, a critic from the L.A. Times called it "one of the most beautiful pieces of architecture in the city", and former president of the Art Deco Society of Los Angeles, Rory Cunningham, referred to the building as "one of the premier Art Deco&nbsp;buildings in the country."&nbsp;The Eastern's unique design comes from its concrete, reinforced by steel, that has been clad in a glossy turquoise terra cotta. The tallness of the building is expounded by design features such as the deeply recessed windows and vertical columnns. The exterior boasts a plethora of motifs including sunburst patterns, geometric shapes, chevrons, and animal/plants forms. At the top of the building sits a four-sided clock tower with "Eastern" emblazoned across in a neon sign.

Constructed in 1930, the Eastern Columbia Building, now known as the Eastern Columbia Lofts, is a thirteen-story Art Deco building that was designed by Claud Beelman. It cost around $1.25 million to build and it became the headquarters of the Eastern Outfitting Company a chain of furniture and clothing stores founded by Adolph Sieroty and family. The building is an amazing example of Art Deco architecture in the city and it is one of the most photographed structures. An $80 million renovation took place in 2006 and was undertaken by the KOR Group to turn the property into 147 condominiums. The project earned California Construction Magazine's Best Redevelopment in 2007. 

Eastern Columbia Building

Around this time, Broadway was becoming a commercial center. When the Metropolitan Building was constructed it provided street-level retail storefronts for multiple businesses with the upper levels left as simple, open lofts to allow maximum flexibility for prospective tenants. Some of the early tenants included:&nbsp;<ul><li>The Owl Drug Co., a San Francisco-based drug store chain (1914–1934)</li><li>L.A. Public Library&nbsp;(1913–1926)</li><li>Foreman &amp; Clark, a budget-oriented men's clothier (c. 1915–1928)</li><li>Janns Investment Company, a prominent real estate development company (1916–1928)</li><li>JJ Newbury Company, a Southern California-based variety store chain (1939 to mid-1990s)</li><li>An assortment of dental and medical offices, jewelers, and a street-level cafe. </li></ul>In the 1950 alterations were made, including the installation of terrazzo flooring, installation of corner entrance, and exterior canopy, as well as a structural glass spandrel panel. Further alterations were made in the 1990s when a food court space was added, along with the introduction of the opening between the first and second floors. In 1985, the last remaining ownership interest in the building held by a Mueller family member was sold off and in 1996 was transferred to the current owner.&nbsp;

Built in the early decades of the 20th century, the date of the Metropolitan Building's construction is unknown. Upon construction, it replaced a two-story, Romanesque Revival style building. Upon completion, it was known as the Mueller Building for its owner, Michail Mueller. Although the Muellers retained ownership of the property, they granted lease interest of the building to various persons or businesses over the years. The Metropolitan Building possess a high artistic value for its use of the Beaux Arts style in a district that contains some of the best examples of commercial architecture. It is thought the building was constructed by local architects, John Parkinson and Edwin Bergstrom, who were in professional partnership together from 1905 to 1915.

Art Deco & Beaux-Arts Architecture in Downtown LA

Orpheum Theatre

Introduction

Images

Backstory and Context

Sources