The pavilion that sits next to Ferril Lake was built in 1929 by John Humphreys and William E. Fisher. The design of the building is that of an Italian-Renaissance villa with low wings, two towers, and simple colored tiles around some windows and around the bases of the towers. As part of the Denver City Beautiful project at the beginning of the 20th century, City Park and the surrounding area were renovated and landscaped to improve the overall quality of the area. The pavilion that stands today replaced the original, smaller 1892 structure, massively increasing the pavilion size. In 1992 the building was refurbished.The City Park Pavilion sits in the center of Denver City Park, surrounded by Ferril Lake, the bandstand to the east, and flowerbeds that help contribute to the park’s beauty. Ferril Lake was added to the park between 1896 and 1897. The lake is the park’s central feature, equipped with an island and colored electric fountain that was added in 1908, the lake is also used as an irrigation reservoir and emergency water source for the city.Today the pavilion and nearby bandstand are used to host many events for the city of Denver. Every year the pavilion and park is host to the Colfax Marathon, the Colorado Black Arts Festival, free City Park Jazz, among others. The pavilion is a closed facility that is only open to the public for certain events, however, private parties can reserve the building for use. The bandstand, surrounding gardens, pathways, and boats are open to the public to peruse.

Pavilion and Boat House skyline image w/ fountain

More Info

The City Park Pavilion Spanish-style structure was designed and built by local architects William E. Fisher and John Humphreys in 1929 to replace the original 1894 structure. The pavilion was built as part of the “Denver City Beautiful” campaign at the start of the 20th century to help beautify areas of the city. Today the pavilion and surrounding bandstand and lake serve as host to various concerts, festivals, and other outdoor events.

Pavilion, Bandstand, and Boat Dock 

City Park was designed in 1882 by Henry Merryweather who used New York's Central Park as his inspiration. The park home to the Denver Zoo and the Denver Museum of Nature and Science and is included on the National Register of Historic Places. The park features gardens and a large greenhouse, playground, walking and jogging paths, courts and fields for sports, a lake and pavilion, ponds, and interactive fountains.

In 1880, the City of Denver purchased prairie land for the creation of City Park. Civil engineer Henry F. Meryweather designed the park in the Olmsted tradition, using New York City's Central Park as the model for his park's curving roads, water features, and scenic vistas. Over 600 trees were planted across 80 acres of the park by 1890, watered by a natural drainage course which crosses the park lengthwise. The north section of the park (where the zoo, museum, and many of the sports fields border City Park Golf Course) was dedicated to activities which have changed over the years, and the south section, which remains largely unchanged, was designated as a passive landscape. At the turn of the century, Reinhard Schuetze redesigned portions of the park, and in the 1920s S. DeBoer made additional changes.The Sullivan Memorial Gateway was added at the City Park Esplanade entrance, near the Thatcher Memorial Fountain, in 1917. The gateway was designed by Chicago architect Edward Herbert Bennett, and features pioneer women and miners representing Colorado's first two industries sculpted by New Yorker Leo Lentelli atop freestanding Doric columnns. On one side, a man and boy representing Mining stand on one tall pedestal. On the other, a woman in a sunbonnet and a girl with a basket of grain representing Agriculture. The gateway was installed as part of the City Beautiful movement. It was designed by Robert Willison of Denver. John Clark Mitchell donated funds to erect it in memory of banker Dennis Sullivan.The elaborate Thatcher Memorial Fountain, featuring a bronze woman holding a sword and shield, came a year later, and was sculpted by Lorado Raft of Chicago. The woman represents The State, and additional figures on the fountain represent Love, Learning, and Loyalty. The Sopris Gateway at East 17th Avenue is a red sandstone pedestrian and, at the time, trolley entrance designed by Frank E. Edbrooke (architect of Denver's Brown Palace Hotel) and created by local contractors including Colorado Red Sandstone Company, lamps by Verdeckberg &amp; Burkhardt, and Silver State Electric Company. The 1903 McLellan Gateway, originally located at East 18th Avenue on the west side of the park, was moved to the East 21st Avenue entrance in 1957 to alleviate traffic problems. William McLellan, a Blacksmith and member of the Denver City Council, is said to have donated half his life savings to the park. The gateway named for him was designed by Edward H. Moorman, and its new location puts it next to the 1892-1893 park superintendent's residence and carriage house, first occupied by Alexander J. Graham. The pink granite Monti Gateway on the east side of the park was designed by Richard Phillips in 1917 [2].From 1892 until 1950, the park featured a racetrack managed by the Gentlemen's Driving &amp; Riding Club. Other activity centers in the north section of the park include the zoo, museum, ball fields, a general recreation area, and playgrounds. Some of the historic buildings in this section include a 1912 fire station, the park nurseries and 1895 greenhouse, two 1930s WPA-built warehouses, three red brick barns dating to the 1880s-1904, the historic section of the Denver Zoo (including the 1918 Bear Mountain exhibit and one of the three barns previously mentioned, which is now the Monkey House). In 1918, the park's nurseries comprised over 60,000 trees, 23,000 perennials, and 23,000 cuttings and seedlings [2].Originally, the park's pavilion was constructed at Duck Lake, but was replaced in 1896 by a pavilion on Ferril Lake, which, in turn, was replaced by the present City Park Pavilion in 1929 on the same site. The current Pavilion was designed by William E. Fisher and John H. Humphreys, in the style of a rural Italian Renaissance villa. On the side of the pavilion opposite the lake, a formal flower garden surrounds a 1925 memorial to Elizabeth Ellen Sopris. Other park monuments include the 1897 Grand Army of the Republic trio of cannons, 1904 bronze of Robert Burns and the formal Burns Garden, 1906 Colonial Dames Sundial and Sons of Colorado Flagpole, the 1912 Children's Fountain, the 1930 Grizzly's Last Stand sculpture, and the 1976 monument to Martin Luther King, Jr. Other features include vast forested areas, an open meadow, plaza, boathouse, lily pond, playground and bandstand. The lake, created in 1887, became home to a prismatic fountain, designed by F. W. Darlington of the Denver &amp; Interurban Railroad Company, in 1908. The fountain was restored in 1983. Between the two lakes stands the 1906-1908 Pumping Plant which was home to the Denver Zoo's first elephant in the 1950s [2].

One of Denver's oldest parks, City Park was designed in 1882 by Henry Merryweather in the style of New York's Central Park. The park features gardens and a large greenhouse, mountain vistas, picnic areas, a playground, walking and jogging paths, tennis and handball courts, horseshoe pits, a lake and pavilion, ponds, and interactive fountains, and fields for baseball, softball, soccer, and football. The park is also home to the Denver Zoo and the Denver Museum of Nature and Science and is included on the National Register of Historic Places

City Park

During the “Denver City Beautiful” campaign, this gateway was devised in 1906. It was to be a grand entrance to City Park from Colfax. The original blueprint for City Park was to connect it to another large park on the south side of the city. This would be done with an ornate road. The Esplanade that extends from the Sullivan Gateway to the Thatcher Memorial in City Park was the start of this road. The road extending to the south of Colfax was never completed. John Clark Mitchell donated $35,000 to build the Gateway Esplanade to City Park, in Dennis Sullivan's name. Sullivan was a Denver businessman who went from rags to riches. He arrived to the city from New York in the late 1800’s, penniless. He amassed a good start in mining, and was appointed by the Third General Assembly of the State to the Board of Direction. While on the Board he laid the groundwork for the Capitol Building. He also served as leadership to the City National Bank, The Colorado Fuel Company, Denver Consolidated Electric Company, American Water Works, Denver City Water, and the Holly Sugar Company. He was also part of the beginnings to the Cherry Creek Dam. When Mr. Sullivan passed in 1915, his obituary in the Colorado's Mining and Scientific Press stated, <blockquote>"He was a shrewd, but kindly man."</blockquote> New York Artist Leo Lintelli sculpted the freestanding works. He is most known for his work with the Golden Gate International Exposition and the Rockerfeller Center. The Sullivan Gateway consists of: one Doric column on each side of the Esplanade, with semi-circular wall extending from each column, and a fountain in front. Mounted atop the columns, are sculptures depicting scenes of Colorado’s mining and agriculture roots. Molded lions heads are mounted into the semi circular walls. In 2010 the Sullivan Gateway hit the Colorado Most Endangered Places List. By 2015 the gateway was in seriously bad condition. The terracotta walls had broken in spots. Plants had taken over and were growing out of the gateway. Graffiti was rampant. It was awarded a large grant from the State Historical Acquisition and Development Fund. In 2016, Bishop Mundus Design embarked on a three-step plan to save it. To renew it back to its original state, they used historic photos and molds from the original pieces. In 2018 it was officially restored to its original splendor.

Located on the north side of Colfax Avenue near East High School. The Sullivan Gateway is an impressive entryway to the City Park Esplanade. It was a memorial envisioned during the "Denver City Beautiful" campaign in the early 1900s. It was erected in honor of one of the founding leaders of Denver, Dennis Sullivan. Sullivan moved to Denver penniless and quickly rose up making his mark in Colorado's history. This monument was close to ruin after a century. It was on the 2010 Colorado's Most Endangered Places List. A grant funded renovation project, restored the memorial back to its original condition. 

Sullivan Gateway

East High School traces its origins to Denver’s first public
school, founded in 1859. Its school colors, white and red,
were selected in 1877 by students of the what was then the High School section of the Arapahoe School. The high school was first moved to a separate
building (on Stout Street, now demolished) in 1889. The new East High, built in
1924 and opened in 1925, was designed by Denver architect George Hebard
Williamson, an 1893 graduate of “old East”. Like many of Denver’s civic
structures from that period, it shows the influence in Denver of the City
Beautiful movement, which encouraged the beautification of cities through the
creation of parks, boulevards, and well-designed public buildings.



&nbsp;Like other Denver
high schools of the City Beautiful era, East High School was built in a prominent
location adjoining a park, in this case City Park. &nbsp;The short parkway on which the school stands,
the City Park Esplanade, is itself another example of City Beautiful planning, created
in 1906. The Colfax entrance to the Esplanade is fronted by the Sullivan
Gateway, two long terra cotta walls ending in 40-foot Greek columnns of terra
cotta supporting sculptures representing Mining and Agriculture, early Colorado’s
most important enterprises. Mining is represented by two men, Agriculture by
two women all the figures are the work of New York artist Leo Lintelli. The Sullivan Gateway also features a central fountain and two
smaller flanking fountains decorated with lions’ heads. Terra cotta is vulnerable to Denver’s extreme
swings in temperature, and the Gateway is in noticeably poorer condition than
the school.

East High School is considered an example of the Jacobean
revival style, recalling the architecture of seventeenth-century England. It
also evokes the buildings of the American colonies; the design of the school
recalls Independence Hall in Philadelphia, especially its 162-foot-high clock tower. Despite
its historically inspired details, East High was designed as an up-to-date
educational facility serving a diverse urban population. The current enrollment
is over 2400, with approximately half the student body consisting of racial or
ethnic minorities.

Well-known East High alumni include Hattie McDaniel, the
first African-American to win an Oscar, as well as actors Don Cheadle, Pam
Grier, Ward Bond, and Antoinette “Tony” Perry, namesake of the Tony Awards. The
list also includes First Lady Mamie Doud Eisenhower, astronaut Jack Swigert, and
writer Sidney Sheldon. Beat writer Neal Cassady failed to graduate but was granted
a posthumous diploma in 2012. Silent film stars Douglas Fairbanks, Sr. and
Harold Lloyd both briefly attended “old East”. Singer Judy Collins graduated from East, as did three members of Earth, Wind, and
Fire. Numerous other alumni have
distinguished themselves in fields ranging from law and politics to
professional sports.The
school maintains a Heritage Hall of Fame commemorating its most notable alumni.
Candidates are inducted into the Heritage Hall by the East Angel Friends and Alumni Foundation. The Heritage Hall is located on the building’s third floor.

East High School, part of Denver Public Schools, stands out both for its dramatic architecture and for its long and diverse roll of distinguished former students. Built in 1924 to replace the former East High School on Strout, this building was declared a Denver Historic Landmark in 1991.The school’s design reflect the strong influence in Denver of the City Beautiful movement that influenced the construction of civic buildings in the early 1900s. 

East High School

The Thatcher Memorial Fountain is also known as "The State of Colorado Fountain" and is located at the opening to City Park. The fountain was dedicated in 1918 as a memorial to Joseph Addison Thatcher, a businessman who was celebrated for his contributions to Colorado in the 19th century. The statue includes symbols of community, and family. Thatcher was born in Kentucky and moved to Missouri briefly where he was elected assistant secretary of the state senate. When he was 22 years old, Thatcher moved to Colorado where he made a home in Central City and he ran a successful mercantile endeavor. In 1863 he started a banking career as manager of Warren Hussey &amp; Company. Eventually he purchased the bank and renamed it Thatcher, Standley &amp; Company. In 1874 the bank became the First National Bank of Central City. In 1882, Thatcher he moved to Denver where he became president of The Denver National Bank. Thatcher was active in the community. He was a patron to musical organizations and for beautification projects in the city. He also wrote a book called “A Colorado Outing" about places to travel in the state. This fountain resides at the north end of the Esplanade in City Park. The artist Loredo Taft, of Chicago, sculpted the bronze statues in 1917. It has a central bronze statue of a garbed woman in robes with a sword who stands on a granite base. Additionally are three bronze sculptures circling around the marble basin of the fountain. Each sculpture has a group of figures that represent a virtue inscribed below the vignette. ·     Loyalty - The male wearing armor and female figure on his left with an olive branch. To the right of the male is a helmet with laurels, representing victory in battle.·     Learning – A robed female is standing and holding a book while a boy leans on it and looks at her. To the left of them is a man with a young girl who is perched on a pile of books.·     Love – A female figure standing with a male suitor leaning in on her left. The woman is bashful and a small cupid sits on her shoulders.

Joseph Addison Thatcher was a successful banker in Colorado's early history, and this fountain was dedicated in his honor on September 14, 1918. Thatcher laid the foundation for the Denver National Bank. He was a philanthropist and patron of culture in the state. The fountain is located at the north end of The Esplanade, at the entrance of City Park, and consists of four bronze statues that each symbolically represents a different virtue.  

Thatcher Memorial Fountain

This statue replaced a previous monument honoring Martin Luther King Jr whihc had been placed in City Park in 1976. In that work, artist Edwin Rose III chose to depict Dr. King and Emmett Till, a Black youth who was murdered by white supremacists in 1955. The statue was entitled “Martin Luther King Jr., Prophet for Peace and was located in City Park for about two decades until it was moved to the basement of the Denver Art Museum. The statue was eventually transferred for display at the Martin Luther King Jr. Museum and Cultural Center in Pueblo. The current monument is a three-tiered sculpture. A bronze Dr. Martin Luther King Jr stands on a neoclassical-style pedestal. Beneath him are four key figures who fought for human rights: Mohandas Mahatma Gandhi, who demonstrated a non-violence approach to protesting British rule in India, Rosa Parks, who sparked a 381-day boycott of the Montgomery transportation system in 1955 by peacefully protesting for the right of all passengers regardless of race, Frederick Douglas, a formerly enslaved man who became an abolitionist, political figure and freedom writer who influenced Dr. King's speeches; and Sojourner Truth another former slave who also fought for the abolition of slavery and rights for minorities and women. On the pedestal below these figures are two bronze reliefs that highlight African American history from slavery to the 1960s. The memorial site is an annual meeting place for the Denver Parade every January.

Dedicated in 2002, this 8½-meter tall Sierra White granite and bronze memorial honors Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. Artist Ed Dwight depicted King symbolically standing on the shoulders of influential leaders and historical figures in the global movement for civil and human rights. This is the second monument erected in honor of Dr. King in City Park, the first being dedicated in 1976 which depicted Martin Luther King Jr. and Emmett Till. The artist's decision to place Till and King together led to conversations and conflicting opinions and was later placed within a nearby museum in Pueblo.

Denver Martin Luther King Memorial Statue

Erected in 1904 by the Caledonian Club No. 1, this statue was built to commemorate the club’s rich history. The selection of Burns as the centerpiece reflects the way American citizens of Scottish heritage lionized Burns and sought to capitalize on his global prestige as a positive representation of their organization and members. Spearheaded by club member and board of Supervisors Of Denver member John Duff McGilvray, the project commissioned artist William Grant Stevenson to create the statue. The statue and its construction cost the Caledonian Club No. 1 a total between $8,000 and $10,000. Surrounding the Burns statue is a display of Civil War artillery that were donated in 1897 by the Grand Army of the Republic. The display that surrounds includes three pieces of weaponry, a 13-inch seacoast mortar, an 11 inch dahlgren, and a 6.4 inch navy parrott rifle. Poet Robert Burns was born in Scotland on January 25, 1759. He came from a family of tenant farmers, part of the lower class in Scotland. In his early life lost his father, who died bankrupt and exhausted, driving Burns to resent the rigid class system of Scotland at the time. Burns is best known for a pioneer of the Romantic poetry movement, writing lyrical poetry and rewriting Scottish folk songs. In his later life, Burns became involved in several illicit relationships and had multiple children out of wedlock. The statue has an inscription that reads: <blockquote>A POET PEASANT BORN,</blockquote><blockquote>who more of fame's immortal dower</blockquote><blockquote>unto his country brings,</blockquote><blockquote>than all her kings.</blockquote>

Donated to the city by the Caledonian Club No. 1 in 1909, this statue depicts Scottish poet Robert Burns. Regarded by many as the national poet of Scotland, Burns is the author of many works including "Auld Lang Syne" which is sung annually by millions to signal the closing of the year.  This poet and writer from 18th century Scotland was selected by Denver's Caledonian Club as the centerpiece of this monument and reflects the way that people of Scottish ancestry often used Burns as a symbol of their nation at the time of this monument's dedication. Burns is known for his work that has inspired many, and his poems and folk stories are still recited to this day. Near the statue can be found several static displays of weaponry from the Civil War, some of which were donated by the Grand Republic Army in 1897.


Robert Burns Memorial 

The pavilion that sits next to Ferril Lake was built in 1929 by John Humphreys and William E. Fisher. The design of the building is that of an Italian-Renaissance villa with low wings, two towers, and simple colored tiles around some windows and around the bases of the towers. As part of the Denver City Beautiful project at the beginning of the 20th century, City Park and the surrounding area were renovated and landscaped to improve the overall quality of the area. The pavilion that stands today replaced the original, smaller 1892 structure, massively increasing the pavilion size. In 1992 the building was refurbished. The City Park Pavilion sits in the center of Denver City Park, surrounded by Ferril Lake, the bandstand to the east, and flowerbeds that help contribute to the park’s beauty. Ferril Lake was added to the park between 1896 and 1897. The lake is the park’s central feature, equipped with an island and colored electric fountain that was added in 1908, the lake is also used as an irrigation reservoir and emergency water source for the city. Today the pavilion and nearby bandstand are used to host many events for the city of Denver. Every year the pavilion and park is host to the Colfax Marathon, the Colorado Black Arts Festival, free City Park Jazz, among others. The pavilion is a closed facility that is only open to the public for certain events, however, private parties can reserve the building for use. The bandstand, surrounding gardens, pathways, and boats are open to the public to peruse.

<h4>History of the Museum</h4>
Edwin Carter was born in upstate New York around 1830 and moved to Breckenridge, CO, where he lived from 1860 to 1900. During this time, Carter began collecting animal and bird specimens for display in an attempt to preserve the memory of Colorado’s fauna before they were destroyed by the hydraulic mining that was destroying the environment at that time. In 1875, Carter built a log cabin museum with high ceilings to showcase his collection. Following fundraising campaigns and Carter’s death in 1900, the Museum of Nature and Science took his collection and gave it a more prestigious, protective building.&nbsp;
Soon after the museum’s incorporation, crystalline gold specimens from John F. Campion and butterflies and moths from John T. Mason were added to the collection. Over the 20th century, the museum vastly expanded its collection with ancient fossils, gems and minerals, majestic wildlife, discoveries from outer space, Egyptian mummies, exhibits about the human body, and much more.
<h4>Exhibits and Events</h4>
Nowadays, the Denver Museum of Nature and Science houses over a million objects in its collections with a goal of empowering a community that loves, understands, and protects the natural world. The permanent collection on display at the museum is divided into eight divisions, including:
<ul><li>Discovery Zone — hands-on educational center geared toward children.&nbsp;</li><li>Egyptian Mummies — includes two mummies and their tomb artifacts.</li><li>Expedition Health — exhibits on the changing and adapting human body.</li><li>Gems &amp; Minerals — a re-created mine full of local and global minerals.</li><li>North American Indian Culture — showcases the&nbsp;diversity and archaeological discoveries from various Native Americans groups.</li><li>Prehistoric Journey — traces the evolution of life on Earth.</li><li>Space Odyssey — exhibitions about the Universe and the Earth’s place in it.</li><li>Wildlife Exhibits — Dioramas showing scenes of life among many different animals.</li></ul>







Other aspects of the museum include&nbsp;its temporary exhibits, planetarium shows, lectures, special events, IMAX films, and a variety of other projects and programs.&nbsp;

The Denver Museum of Nature and Science is an independent, nonprofit museum dedicated to informal science and the natural history of Colorado, Earth, and the Universe. With over 500,000-square-feet of interior space along with more than one million objects in its collections, which includes natural history and anthropological materials as well as archival and library materials. 

Founded in 1900, the museum traces its origins back to pioneer and naturist Edwin Carter, who assembled one of the most comprehensive collections of Colorado fauna in his log cabin home, called the Carter Museum. To protect this collection in a larger, fireproof building, funds were collected and the Denver Museum of Nature and Science was incorporated on December 6, 1900. Over the course of its history, the museum has added the Phipps Auditorium (1940), the Gates Planetarium (1968), an IMAX theater (1983), and the Leprino Family Atrium and Anschutz Family Sky Terrace (2002).

Denver Museum of Nature and Science

The Zoo's History



When Denver's mayor received a Black bear cub as a gift in
1896, City Park became its home. An eagle soon became the bear's neighbor,
followed by more birds as well as elk, bison, and monkeys. Zoo superintendent
Victor H. Borcherdt adopted Carl Hagenbeck's "habitat zoo" concept
and, in 1918, opened Bear Mountain, the first American exhibit displaying
animals in an approximation of their natural habitat. The exhibit's artificial
rock formations were cast from outcroppings in the Hogback formation of the
Rocky Mountains near Morrison, Colorado. The steel and plaster promontories
were surface-treated to look like real stone, terraced bear pits were created, and
native vegetation and a moat round out the habitat. A ground-breaking exhibit
in zoo history, Bear Mountain is listed on the National Register of Historic
Places [1; 2].

&nbsp;

The opposite side of the Bear Mountain promontory overhangs
the California Sea Lion exhibit, including another moat as well as an abstract
block sculpture. The Palm House Conservatory was added in 1927, and in 1936,
the Monkey House and Monkey Island were added. Other early expansions included
the addition of a children's zoo with a small train, a serpentine waterway,
and, in 1950, the citizen-supported acquisition of the zoo's first elephant,
Cookie, who lived in the City Park Pump House until the Pachyderm Building opened
in 1959 [1; 2]. The same year, the zoo's first master plan was released, and the
next decade saw the opening of the Feline House, followed by Bird World in
1975, the Northern Shores aquatic life exhibit in 1987, and Tropical Discovery
in 1993, featuring jungle and coral reef habitats for fish, amphibians, invertebrates,
and reptiles. Its initial master plan goals completed, the zoo carried on with
a new Millennium Master Plan in the 1990s and early 2000s, creating the Gates
Wildlife Conservation Education Center, which includes the zoo's Conservation
Biology Department, as well as the Primate Panorama, Predator Ridge, and the
more recent Toyota Elephant Passage, which opened in 2012. Predator Ridge and
Elephant Passage both rotate animals through multiple habits, allowing guests
to view different species in the exhibits at different times, as well as
providing stimulation and exercise for the animals [1].

&nbsp;

Shows, Tours, and
Exhibits The Denver Zoo offers scheduled feedings and showtimes
including African penguins, sea lions, birds and exotic animals, elephants,
llamas, big cats, and pelicans. The zoo also offers guided tours for veterans,
students, and Up-Close Animal Encounters. There are a number of Up-Close Animal
Encounters to choose from, including encounters with penguins, orangutans,
gorillas, elephants, hippos, rhinos, sea lions, lorikeets, and giraffes, as
well as the multi-animal Tropical Meet-and-Greet (reptiles, frogs, fish, and
kimodo dragon outdoor exhibit), Backstage Experience and Backstage Experience, Jr.
(featuring the education animal collection, Wildlife Show animals, and Tropical
Meet and Greet animals), and Animal Care and Experience (a day in the life of a
zookeeper) [1].

&nbsp;

The historic section of the zoo includes Bear Mountain,
which houses grizzly bears, Asiatic Black bears, and coati; Monkey Island;
Sheep Mountain; and the Pioneer Train, Conservation Carousel, Ox Cart, and
Woodland Garden features. Predator Ridge houses lions, hyenas, and African wild
dogs in one of the zoo's award-winning rotational exhibits, and Bird World is
home to 200 species in indoor aviaries where birds can fly freely among guests.
The Northern Shores exhibit is home to the zoo's sea lions, polar bears, seals,
river otters, and arctic foxes. Between the polar bear and sea lion exhibits, a
Shore Play Area offers a tidal pool and shallow splash stream with pinecone
fishing and dam building activities for children, as well as a sand digging
area, and climbing rocks and webs. The 1963 Feline House has expanded to include
not only tigers, leopards, and other large cats, but also hyena and fossa. Primate
Panorama features seven acres of monkey and ape habitats, with four-story high
wire mesh tents for tree-dwellers and big, open spaces with rope swings and
hammocks for the gorillas and orangutans. Guests can hand-feed the giraffes and
take photos with the bronze statues of a mother hippo and calf, or visit the Be
a Zookeeper Zone, an interactive and educational area on the science of
zookeeping for children 2-10 years old. The Zone features animal ambassadors in
the Outdoor Recess area; the Creative Care Corner, where children can build
habitats for turtles and guinea pigs; animal demonstrations and behavior
observations; diet investigations and enrichment creation; and llama walks and
feedings. The Toyota Elephant Passage comprises ten acres and two miles of
interconnected trails for the zoo's Asian elephants, rhinos, and tapirs. The
animals enjoy a total of six habitats, including swimming areas, while guests
have three areas to explore the wildlife preserve, a tropical Asian urban
center exhibit, and an Asian rural village exhibit [1].

Opened with one bear cub in 1896, the Denver Zoo has featured ground-breaking exhibits since 1918, when it unveiled America's first display of an animal in a natural habitat setting: Bear Mountain, which is listed on the National Register of Historic Places. Today, the zoo boasts two new award-winning exhibits, Predator Ridge and the Toyota Elephant Passage, which allow animals to rotate between multiple habitats for stimulation and exercise, as well as scheduled feedings and showtimes, guided tours, educational and play areas for children, and a variety of Up-Close Animal Encounters [1; 2].

Denver Zoo

This church is located on the North edge of City Park and is known for its distinctive redbrick and twin spires. The church was designed by notable architects Frank W. Frewen and Frederick J. Mountjoy. Frewen grew up in the Whittier neighborhood and attended Manual Trade School before a career that included the design of around eighty buildings in Denver. Together Frewen and Mountjoy designed several notable structures in Denver such as Elbert and Park Hill Elementary Schools and the Fairmount Cemetery Communal Mausoleum.The church was built in the late Gothic Revival style and is modeled after a church in Cork, Ireland. The exterior features red brick-laden twin spires. In addition, five hand-stenciled stained glass windows decorate the Church.St Ignatius began as the Jesuit Sacred Hearts Parish in 1879. Sacred Heart grew very rapidly and moved to share the Catholic Loyola Chapel. Eventually, both were moved to a larger location at St. Ignatius on York and 23rd. In 1939 the basement of the church was used as an elementary school. Plans to build an actual school were made, but in lieu of the Great Depression, the school wasn’t completed until 1954. This school mostly served African American children.After World War II Jesuit Father William Markoe, was the leader of St. Ignatius and insisted on supporting integration despite opposition from some Catholic leaders at the time. From 1950-1970 the next pastor of Loyola, Fr Edward Murphy, S.J. worked hard to keep the neighborhood integrated. In 1965 he earned a Reward of Merit, from the George Washington Carver Memorial Institute in Washington DC. It was for “outstanding contributions to the betterment of race relations and human welfare.” He went on to be named “Man of Year” by the National Negro Voters Educational Council.  In 1994 this church was added to the National Register of Historic Places. Today it stands as a testament to the graciousness of its congregation. They raised $1 million to renovate the church and make it accessible for those with disabilities.

St. Ignatius has been a central St. Louis landmark since its completion in 1924, known both for its architecture and the congregation's history of supporting racial integration despite initial opposition by some white leaders of the Catholic Church in Denver. Architects Frank W. Frewen and Frederick J. Mountjoy designed this structure based on the design of another church in Cork, Ireland. From the 1920s to 1940s, the building served as a Jesuit Parish and a Catholic Church. The congregation included members of multiple races, and Jesuit leader William Markoe refused to give in to pressures from his superiors to segregate the church. Serving a largely African American community the church insisted on supporting both integration and the nascent civil rights movement following World War II. Father Edward Murphy S.J continued Markoe's work and won awards for encouraging good relations between the African American community and the larger community of Denver.

Tour of City Park, Denver Colorado

Pavilion, Bandstand, and Boat Dock

Introduction

Images

Backstory and Context

Sources

Additional Information